 While South Africans dream of owning their own home, other nations consider renting the cultural norm. In Germany, for example, even middle-class and wealthy households often choose to rent their homes for life.
This makes sense for them, because of high-quality rental stock, strong tenant protection, and different market structures. “But in South Africa you really shouldn’t be renting your home, unless there’s a strategic reason behind it,” says Renier Kriek, MD of innovative home loan provider, Sentinel Homes. “Renting tends to be a trap in the SA economy, because you can’t afford not to have exposure to large capital assets such as residential property.” Aspirations vs reality In South Africa, renting typically isn’t a lifestyle choice but an affordability or creditworthiness issue. The 2025 Ipsos Housing Monitor found that 89% of renters in this country would like to own their own home. And 92% of South Africans believe everyone has a right to own their own home, but nearly half struggle with housing costs. Lack of affordable housing is enforcing a long-term renting cycle – trapping renters because they can’t afford to buy a home, even when their monthly rent is higher than potential bond repayments. Stats SA’s 2024 General Household Survey recorded a drop in homeownership (from 64.4% in 2022 to 60.1% in 2024) and an increase in households who rent (from 22.5% in 2022 to 25.1% in 2024). The rental trap affects everyone “For the past 70 years, property prices have outpaced wage increases,” says Kriek. “This is not only a South African phenomenon, but here it has the effect that 80% of South African households are already effectively priced out of the property market. Our housing backlog is around three million formal units.” He quotes French economist Thomas Piketty, who says that if the real return on capital is higher than the GDP growth, then those with capital will become richer at a faster rate than those who only rely on wages. In short, capital ownership deepens inequality, effectively locking South Africa’s renters out of wealth-building opportunities that their property owning counterparts have purely because of having a large capital asset with the benefit of leverage. How to escape the trap? Renters should explore all possible options to buy property, says Kriek. Start saving early, don’t overspend on rent. Putting down a larger deposit improves your home loan eligibility, as the instalments must stay within 30% to 35% of your gross income. “Let’s say, this qualifies you for a R1 million home loan,” says Kriek. “But if you have saved a R200,000 deposit, you can buy a R1.2 million house.” This should also reduce your interest rate, saving you money and increasing your return on the property value. Strategies to boost your deposit A first-time buyer earning R3,500 to R22,000 per month may fit the criteria for the First Home Finance (FHF) Subsidy, formerly FLISP. “It’s a brilliant government scheme that contributes towards buying or building your first home,” says Kriek. “Certain bond originators assist in securing the FHF, which would be the most frictionless way.” Many employers also offer housing subsidies, sometimes combined with favourable loan terms, deposit assistance, or matched subsidies to qualifying employees. Use any and all of these opportunies for support, if you can. Making homeownership more affordable Kriek suggests co-buying: getting a partner (not necessarily your romantic partner) to purchase a residential property together. Or enhance affordability by buying a “fixer-upper” house. He says, “You generally get a larger uptick in value for making the renovations than buying an already renovated property. However, you’ll need cash as home loans don’t cover renovation costs.” Another option is buying a house with an income-generating flatlet or garden cottage to be rented out. The bond originator can include 60% to 70% of the projected rental income in the loan affordability calculation, to help secure the loan. And the rental income earned goes toward paying down the finance, saving on interest. You could also subdivide. “Many municipalities recently started to allow the building of more than one house on a single residental erf,” says Kriek. “So, if you buy an older property with a large backyard, you can sell the developable part of it, or the right to build there, to someone else., even if you can’t raise the money to build the second or third dwelling yourself.” Crunching the numbers “Escaping the rental trap doesn't necessarily require you to own the house you live in,” says Kriek. “Sometimes, this means buying properties that you don't live in, or buying several smaller properties instead of one expensive one.” For example, at the higher end of the market, rentals are generally cheaper than the interest on the bond. Here, you might be better served renting and – rather than purchasing the house you live in – buying a less expensive property with a better investment case. “Or instead of buying one house for, let’s say, R3 million, you could invest in three duplexes for R1 million each, in different areas, all earning income. This would spread your risk for the same value and provide more diversification benefit,” says Kriek. “The basic lesson is that if you're investing in residential property to break free from the rental trap, your decision must be purely financial, not emotional.” ENDS
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 Two Cape Town apartments recently went viral for their overpriced monthly rent. A modest apartment in Green Point was going for R22,000 while another small unit in Durbanville was advertised at R16,000, despite needing repairs and having an ‘ugly kitchen’ with broken appliances. Social media users criticised the price-quality mismatch, noting that similar or better homes in Joburg cost far less.
Affordability concerns like these are a key reason why tenants are relocating from the Western Cape, according to nearly 80% of rental agents in PayProp’s 2025 State of the Rental Industry report. “Even more concerning, the vast majority of South African households (80%) are priced out of the formal housing market because their monthly income is under R26,000,” says Renier Kriek, MD of innovative home finance business Sentinel Homes. “We have an undersupply of about three million formal housing units.” Living in Cape Town is particularly pricey, with average property sale prices increasing from R1.6 million in 2020 to R2.1 million in 2025. In contrast, Johannesburg’s prices have remained relatively flat over this period, staying on average between R1 million and R1.5 million, according to property analytics firm Lightstone. Soaring rent “Obviously the higher capital values mean that people who buy for investment require a higher nominal return, which means the rents go up,” says Kriek. This has been happening in the Western Cape, where the PayProp Rental Index shows 9.6% year-on-year rental growth and average monthly rents reaching R11,285 in Q1/2025 – significantly higher than Gauteng (R9201), KwaZulu-Natal (R9170) and the Eastern Cape (R7330). Rent control Calls for rent control in Cape Town are getting louder. The idea is to cap rent increases to make housing more affordable. However, this may win populist votes and provide short-term relief for tenants, but won’t fix the housing shortfall, says Kriek, pointing to unsuccessful rent control in cities like New York, Berlin, Stockholm or Tokyo. While rent control impacts the entire property market, it ironically hits hardest in the low-income band – those who should benefit the most. “Rent control leads to underinvestment and poorly maintained units as landlords have limited incentives to maintain or expand their rental stocks because their profits are capped,” says Kriek. Another problem is misallocation, where some tenants will stay in rent-controlled units even when these no longer match their needs. By blocking the units for people who genuinely need them, they create an inefficient housing distribution that worsens the undersupply further. “Rent control is the most efficient technique currently known to destroy a city - short of bombing.” Making small units profitable There’s ample private sector money available to invest in rental housing, says Kriek but government needs to change the market design that makes this segment unprofitable. Small units are more expensive per square metre to build – and sell – than larger ones. In addition, he says, tenants in affordable units (sub-R7000 rent/month) are more frequently in rent arrears than higher-income tenants as they feel economic pressure harder. The number of ‘squatting’ tenants (who haven’t paid rent for three consecutive months and are still occupying the property in the fourth month) is also increasing: the TPN Squat Index rose from 3.48% in Q4/2023 to 3.71% in Q2/2024. Legal protection of landlords The balance of power is unduly tipped against landlords and needs to be levelled, says Kriek. “The law that governs evictions, the Prevention of Illegal Eviction and Unlawful Occupation of Land Act (PAI), isn’t fit for purpose. It was designed to evict land squatters but due to poor drafting it also applies to the eviction of tenants who don’t pay their rent or refuse to move out when legally required.” This makes the process unnecessarily expensive, time-consuming and open to exploitation. “Historically, eviction is sensitive topic in SA,” concludes Kriek. “But if we don’t allow strict enforcement of payment obligations, then landlords won’t invest in rental housing, which is the easiest and the quickest way, using the least amount of government resources, to fix our housing undersupply.” ENDS  In its June 2025 Property Newsletter, automotive and property data provider Lightstone reports that only one formal house exists per 3.3 families who earn less than R26,000 per month. This accounts for more than 80% of South African households. The overwhelming majority of South African households are currently priced out of the South African property market, and this trend is worsening.
“There’s something very wrong if such a large demand is not being met and, although the problem is well known in the property industry, no real solutions are forthcoming from the government actors who are responsible for solving these problems,” says Renier Kriek, Managing Director of innovative home finance provider, Sentinel Homes. He says the root causes are mainly systemic and need to be addressed by the government. It is simply not acceptable that since 2000 we have added 19.3 million inhabitants in SA but our economy has managed to produce only 1.9 million homes. Where we are Not only are there not enough houses but new developments are victim to rising construction costs, making each generation of property less affordable to consumers than previously. In fact, property prices have been outpacing wage increases for the past 70 years, not only in SA but in most of the world. Add to this trend South Africa’s flaccid economic growth resulting in low job creation and low wage growth, and it’s easy to see why affording a home is becoming harder and harder for low to middle earners. National changes Certain things need to change outside the property market before problems can be tackled from within, says Kriek.
“Making such changes at a national level will ensure that problems in the property market are not intractable,” says Kriek. “But these necessary reforms will also go a long way toward rejigging the economy generally for the better.” Property market changes Inside the property market, several problems are making housing construction more costly and therefore less affordable when properties are sold.
Opening the door to housing that’s affordable If 80% of South Africans cannot afford a home, and developers are unwilling to meet the demand, something is terribly wrong. It’s not an innovation or economical problem but a systemic one that the government needs to rectify. The problem is market design, and that is something for which we rely on government, and for which the political will must exist to take some tough decisions. “The private sector is profit driven and the demand clearly exists, so it’s up to the government to create the incentives and ease the restrictions that prevents the private sector from earning their bread in the provision of affordable housing,” says Kriek. “There’s more than enough money floating around – government just needs to create a market that provides incentives for the available resources to flow to where the demand already exists.”  Frequent short-term borrowing could be a black mark against you when applying for a home loan.
“The number of short-term loans you burn through may warn banks or other lenders that you’re having trouble managing your finances,” says Renier Kriek, Managing Director at disruptive home finance business, Sentinel Homes. That can make them reluctant to fund your dream of owning your own property. Easy debt While all debt should be managed responsibly to maintain a good credit score, for many South Africans, short-term loans are becoming an addictive way to make ends meet. Or, to fund luxuries they can’t afford but refuse to live without. It’s tantalisingly easy to get hooked as well - you don’t need to put up collateral to get one and you don’t have to explain what you’ll use the money for. Also, some like to think that if they fall behind on their repayments, they can simply submit themselves to a debt review. Introduced by the National Credit Act, a debt review is a legal process for someone who is over-indebted to settle with their creditors by paying what they can afford. A registered debt counsellor will review their finances and help them create a repayment plan. The hidden costs Unfortunately, there’s no such thing as a free lunch. Short-term loans can carry much higher interest rates than other types of debt - up to 5% per month, which is around 6 times the current prime rate. “So, the more you borrow, the worse off you become financially and the more likely you are to default,” says Kriek. That debt review “solution” you are being offered isn’t necessarily a safe bet either - because it will cut you off from any further credit provision for as long as it takes to remedy your past bad behaviour. Even if you’re not a repeat offender, firms offering debt counselling will often assure you that your debts will be forgiven, the slate is wiped clean and all will be forgiven. “In the real world, lenders could deny your home loan application simply because you needed debt review in the first place,” says Kriek. Alarm bells Short-term or unsecured loans are not an evil to be avoided entirely. They’re actually good for the economy when used responsibly. However, they’re also a red flag to home loan providers when they feature strongly in your financial history, even if you’re keeping up with repayments. Credit providers use various risk models to identify patterns in our spending behaviour - good and bad. They know what financially responsible and irresponsible spending patterns look like. “Frequent short-term loans - with or without defaulting - are a risky pattern that implies an individual does not manage debt well, and that is something a home loan provider does not want to make a long-term investment in,” says Kriek. “The ability to delay gratification is the underlying attribute that responsible users of credit have, but there is no easy way to quantify whether a particular applicant possesses that trait – the number, frequency and type of unsecured credit transactions is a useful proxy in that regard.” Good debt So, what is the right course of action, especially if you already have short-term loans? First, understand that short-term loans have their place but are seldom necessary. Stop using them and make a plan to pay off the ones you already have. Then get to work on building an emergency fund of cash that can only be touched for true emergencies, so that you will not need unsecured debt in those cases. Second, work on saving for luxuries such as holidays and large capital purchases. You will be paying monthly anyway, whether you take the credit or save, but in the saving scenario interest will be working in your favour rather than against you. Delaying the gratification of that large purchase is difficult, but no-one said adulting would be easy. Finally, if there is no other option, opt for “good” debt as far as possible. Buy your clothes, furniture, appliances, groceries and other items using store credit if you absolutely cannot do without. You don’t have to buy things you don’t need to build a good credit score. Everyday items and normal household purchases are fine. “Credit providers’ risk algorithms generally look favorably on consumers who start their credit journey with store debt because it fits the pattern of responsible spending, provided you pay your accounts on time, of course, and do not spend near or above your credit limit,” says Kriek. Long-term planning Eventually, most people end up before a home loan provider in the hope of buying a house they love. But lenders are profit makers and risk reducers, so it’s important to think like they do. Are you a good investment? Will you repay your home loan on time and in full? The lender’s modern analytical systems - often powered now by artificial intelligence - evolved to answer questions like these and exist to protect their owner from risk. “Short-term loans that literally fund your lifestyle can easily sway the algorithm against you,” says Kriek, “especially if you are funding luxuries or nice-to-haves from easy debt rather than developing the discipline of saving.” ENDS  Recently, the South African Reserve Bank reduced the repo rate by 25 basis points but the real interest rate remains far too high to spur meaningful capital investment by South Africa’s private sector. While the news brings some welcome relief to property owners, it’s another disappointment for the country’s real economy.
This is according to Renier Kriek, Managing Director at Sentinel Homes. “The SARB has consistently preached that their policy bible contains only one chapter, titled ‘inflation targeting’, which requires sticking to within their 3–6% inflation target band and anchoring inflation expectations at the 4.5% midpoint,” he says. “Their messaging has consistently and unfailingly pledged that their mandate is the only consideration that guides their decisions.” False policy Yet, inflation has remained low over an extended period, currently sitting at 2.8%, leaving the opportunity for a softening of monetary policy wide open. Why then has the SARB stubbornly refused to reduce the interest rate accordingly, even as inflation hovers at or below the bottom of their target band? Despite preaching vague and opaque ‘risks to the upside’ to justify their hawkishness in recent years, it’s clear that the SARB has been disingenuous – in short, they have been lying to us. That was made plain for the first time today, but it has long been evident there is a secret driver of their decisions. “It was clear with the announcement that the SARB’s policy bible has contained a new chapter, which is their anticipated future mandate, and they have already been guided by that expanded gospel, despite the existence of the chapter having been secret and further despite the content of the chapter not having been agreed to with Treasury and other stakeholders,” says Kriek. Why now? The argument advanced by the Monetary Policy Committee, by way of Governor Kganyago’s statement and answers to questions during the press conference, is that the MPC wishes to deal a decisive blow to inflation in the long term, transforming the SA economy to a low(er) inflation economy. This will also mean lower interest rates for longer in future, per the MPC’s reasoning, since lower inflation economies generally tend to have lower inflation rates. “However, the question is why do we want to do this now?” says Kriek. “Moving to a lower inflation target will likely have long-term positive consequences for the SA economy, but it will also involve near-dated discomfort. Essentially, the MPC is promising short-term pain for long-term gain.” “The SA economy is a very frail patient at the moment and keeping interest rates at current high levels in order to achieve longer-term outcomes is a risky gambit. We should at least be asking, and this is as much about political calculation as economic policy, whether we should not attempt monetary stimulus first, getting the economy out of its bandages, and attempt the MPC’s incisive reforms once the patient is back on its feet.” Impact of delinquency The property sector has shown signs of broad-based recovery, with price lines across all the metros trending upwards in Stats SA’s latest Residential Property Price Index. The cumulative 75 bps cuts, with a further cut at today’s meeting, have already had the effect of bringing previously pent-up demand spilling into the residential property market. However, while these are green shoots, the market is still under significant strain. According to National Credit Regulator statistics, home loan delinquency is up 35% in the last 3 years, signifying the tremendous pressure households are experiencing related to their finances. “This sharp increase in delinquency will come home to roost soon, as a sudden influx of distressed stock in the market is likely to drive prices down in the face of relatively tepid demand,” says Kriek. A small window of opportunity Households seeking to enter the market should not delay any further. The MPC found that a neutral policy should be 25 bps lower than the new repo rate of 7.25%, meaning we can expect at least one more cut in the near future. So, it is more likely than not that the upwards momentum evidenced by the aforementioned green shoots will be sustained and expanded as the market adjusts to lower rates. The decision at the next meeting will be led by the MPC’s insistence on pre-emptive management of monetary policy through its anticipated new mandate, and so the CPI inflation reports from now until the next meeting in July 2025 will have to be watched closely. “It seems that if inflation inches higher even slightly, the MPC’s overly hawkish instincts will rule decision-making at the next meeting, favouring keeping rates steady despite low employment and flaccid economic growth,” says Kriek. ENDS  Nothing is certain except death and taxes, the saying goes. Property owners must plan for both if they want their home and other assets to pass smoothly to those surviving them.
“Structuring your estate smartly, or at least having a will in place, will spare those grieving your passing further hardship, both emotional and financial,” says Renier Kriek, Managing Director at Sentinel Homes. Any decision a property holder makes in this regard should be guided by advice from a professionally qualified financial and estate advisor. However, Kriek offers a good overview. Basic factors When planning for death, property owners need to consider two main factors. The first is how to structure their estate so they don’t directly own anything when they die. This is usually only appropriate for those with large estates and minor dependents, or businesspeople who risk having their assets attached to repay creditors, but may not be the best tax planning advice for most consumers. The second concern is their marital status. Are they single, married in community of property, or married out of community of property either with or without accrual? “Each marriage model will affect the distribution of an estate differently,” says Kriek. Make a will Without a will, intestate rules apply to the deceased estate, as prescribed by the Intestate Succession Act 81 of 1987. These rules determine which surviving relatives will inherit what portion of the estate, from the surviving spouse and descendents down to distant blood relatives. The Act’s complex requirements could result in, for example, a spouse losing their family home to ensure they and each child receives an equal inheritance. So, for anyone having assets such as homes or other fixed property and especially those property owners who have dependents, it is always best to have a will professionally drawn up to make sure assets will be distributed in a manner desired by the property owner. “Again, the marriage model will affect how the will should be structured,” says Kriek. “Estate planning with a licensed and regulated professional is also likely to include investments and insurance, proper planning of which remain essential.” Leverage trusts and companies The beginning of the article mentioned not owning property at death, which is a desired outcome for some consumers due to tax, risk or other reasons. Avoiding direct property ownership while still enjoying the benefit of owning property can be accomplished through the use of a trust or company. However, the cost of these vehicles makes them best suited to more affluent people who have larger estates and minor dependents, or entrepreneurs. If property is transferred to or bought through one of these entities, the entity owns the asset. So, dying is of no consequence, if one’s dependents are the ultimate beneficial owners of the entity, such as through being beneficiaries of a trust. The property held by a trust or company rather than in a person’s own name will not be subject to estate tax or capital gains tax at death, and typically cannot be attached by the deceased’s creditors. Only income that is earned through that property is taxed at a rate prescribed for the specific type of entity in addition to capital gains tax if the entity elects to sell the property concerned. “Which structure is best suited to an individual’s needs must be determined with the help of a trusted estate planner or financial manager,” says Kriek. “Do not assume that the more complicated structure, using entities such as trusts and companies, is the “better” and therefore most appropriate one.” Address affordability Unfortunately, structuring cannot save a property that surviving family members are unable to afford, whether it is bond repayments, rates or levies, trust administration fees, corporate accounting fees, or other expenses. This could happen if a surviving spouse does not work and cannot raise the required finances to settle existing debt against the family home or other property. An estate might be able to cover its own costs, for example, where income is derived from rental properties or the entity receives cash bequests from the deceased person. Otherwise, a will, trust or company should be backed by some form of insurance that ensures funds are available after the owner’s death. “By following this rough guide and using a properly qualified and licensed financial planner, you will allow your loved ones to continue enjoying the life you worked so hard to provide them with,” says Kriek. ENDS MEDIA CONTACT: Rosa-Mari Le Roux, [email protected], 060 995 6277, www.atthatpoint.co.za For more information on Sentinel Homes please visit: Website: www.sentinelhomes.co.za Facebook: Sentinel Homes  Competing precedents, including a recent court case involving a home buyer who got cold feet, wanted to walk away from the deal but couldn’t, have sparked discussions in South Africa’s property law circles. The judge ruled in favor of the seller, because both parties had signed a contract that became binding as soon as the buyer’s credit provider issued its “approval in principle”.
“Some people misinterpreted the ruling, or disagree with it - saying it wasn’t fair,” says Renier Kriek, MD of Sentinel Homes. Yet the judgement followed centuries of contract law precedent by focusing only on the following question: At what stage did the purchase agreement become binding, before or after the property finance had been accepted by the buyer? “Obtaining finance is a process, unlike a turning on a light switch, it’s not instant and even positive results arrive piecemeal,” says Kriek. “When you sign an offer to purchase a property and require a home loan, there’s usually a condition that your loan must be approved before a certain date. This is called “suspensive condition” – meaning that only once this condition is fulfilled, the contract will become final and binding. “Buyers and sellers need to understand the suspensive condition in their contract, especially as they generally have competing interests in terms of what stage the deal should become final,” he says. “It’s therefore important to phrase your contract without ambiguity, so it’s not open to misinterpretation.” Real-life consequences Contract law may sound academic, but it has serious, real-life consequences. Since nobody wants to lose their deposit, Kriek urges buyers to fully grasp the financing process: When a home loan provider assesses your application to buy a house, and is satisfied lending you the money, it will first issue an approval in principle (AIP). Then it conducts a valuation, before eventually issuing a prescribed document called pre-agreement statement and quotation. According to the NCA, the buyer has five days to accept the pre-agreement statement and quotation, which then becomes a final offer of finance. “From the seller’s perspective, it would be best if the agreement of sale would likely contain a clause stating that the contract becomes binding as soon as the home loan provider issues the AIP,” says Kriek. “From the buyer’s perspective, however, this clause poses a risk: it means you’re bound to the sales agreement, the sale is final, and your deposit could be on the line, even before you have agreed to the interest rate and other finance conditions suggested by the home loan provider.” Ideally, he advises buyers to ensure the sale is only binding once: a) the bank has issued the pre-agreement statement and quotation, and b) you have accepted it. “This means you can only lose your deposit or be forced to buy the property once you have agreed to the terms of the credit proposed to you.” Check the nitty-gritty Also watch out for home loan approvals that require the submission of approved building plans. As a rule, your offer to purchase should require the seller to do so. But if this clause is missing, the seller won’t be obliged to provide the building plans, even if your home loan provider requires these. This makes you as the buyer responsible for obtaining the plans. It’s not only time-consuming but if plans can’t be approved, due to unauthorised building works, your deposit may once again be at risk. This also applies to any other conditions your home loan provider may have. You have to ensure that these conditions are also in the sale agreement, so that the two documents tie into each other. For these reasons, Kriek urges buyers to get legal advice before signing their offer to purchase. Don’t rely only on the property practitioner or others linked to the seller No-one should take a high cost and high liability decision like buying a home without expert legal and other professional advice, such as from a registered property practitioner and bond originator. Ultimately, understanding the nitty-gritty of your contract should help you avoid financial losses and enjoy a smoother property transfer. ENDS MEDIA CONTACT: Rosa-Mari Le Roux, [email protected], 060 995 6277, www.atthatpoint.co.za For more information on Sentinel Homes please visit: Website: www.sentinelhomes.co.za Facebook: Sentinel Homes  South Africa has a housing supply backlog of at least 2.2 million units, with a significant shortage in the affordable housing or “gap market”, according to a recent study by the Centre for Affordable Housing Finance (CAHF).
The gap housing market is generally considered to be households earning too much to qualify for Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) housing but too little to obtain traditional bank-financed homes in the open market. Renier Kriek, MD at Sentinel Homes, says 40% of consumers fall into the RDP housing category (household incomes below R3 500 per month) and the wealthiest 30% of households are well-served by the open housing market. Massive demand The gap market is the middle 30% of consumers where the supply of housing stock is extremely low and even declining despite massive demand. Kriek argues that a market design error is to blame for this high demand going unmet. Adverse market design disincentivises the holders of capital to invest in affordable housing. The biggest hurdle relates to the unnecessary prolix, cumbersome, and expensive processes that are associated with evictions and foreclosures. The cost of resetting the transaction (evict or foreclose) is prohibitive in South Africa and does not match market circumstances. South Africa should adjust their regulatory environment to favour private sector investment and the expansion of supply. “We need to reduce the transaction cost for the holders of capital to take their chances on consumers who are not acceptable risks in the unduly high tenure security environment. In this way, some people will move into the formal housing market and fall out again, and perhaps more than once in their lifetime. If we go through enough of these cycles eventually everyone will be housed.” Kriek admits that this solution may sound slightly callous and counterintuitive to the casual listener. “The alternative, retaining our restrictive policy environment, is even more callous and is currently barring people from ever getting the opportunity to enter the formal housing market. What use is being born free if you will never realise that constitutionally mandated right of access to adequate housing?” Unintended consequences Another prevalent and reasonably fixable market design problem relates to government subsidies. The Department of Human Settlements has been offering the First Home Finance (FHF) subsidy, previously called FliSP to households in the gap housing market. It aims to subsidize affordable first-time home-ownership opportunities for households with income from R3 501 up to R22 000 per month. It is an inverse means-tested subsidy, meaning that the cash grant is lower the higher the household income becomes. “Millions of rands earmarked for this subsidy have remained unclaimed in the past and continue to remain unclaimed. This is not because people do not know about the incentive or do not desire it. The first challenge is the relative scarcity of gap housing stock, which is driven by poor demand due to incentives that are adverse to the deployment of capital in this segment, whether by landlords or home loan providers.” Kriek argues that the subsidy design has unintended consequences resulting in market participants, such as estate agents, being unwilling to sell to subsidy recipients. “Due to overzealous fraud prevention measures and perhaps also an unwillingness to integrate into the existing market infrastructure, government has traditionally insisted that the registered title deed contains the name of the subsidy recipient before they release the subsidy amount.” This means that the subsidy portion is usually received months after the transfer, unlike all other funds in a property transaction which are secured by third party payment functionaries such as banks or attorneys. This makes each property transfer involving a subsidy inordinately complex, and everyone involved prefers doing the same transaction with a consumer who does not rely on a subsidy. Usually, it’s the estate agent waiting for the subsidy payment to receive their commission, and that is simply an unacceptable adverse incentive if government’s intention is to have the subsidy reach its intended recipients.” Though recent developments seem to favour fixing the market design shortcomings of FHF, the administration of the subsidy remains positively byzantine. There is a national subsidy authority, that can approve and pay subsidies, and a separate subsidy authority for each of the provinces, each with a unique set of rules and procedures and a separate application procedure. This is a quagmire for lower income consumers to navigate successfully, especially where those who rely on subsidies are already viewed negatively by market intermediaries such as estate agents and transferring attorneys. It will take significant political capital to implement market design solutions that can solve the problems facing the gap housing market. If we do nothing it may even get worse, says Kriek, who fears that the current government may not have the ability to adequately diagnose the problem, and much less the political will to affect the necessary policy and regulatory changes. However, if it could succeed, the job creation that could follow finding solutions to the problem of housing supply could go a long way toward achieving the job creation efforts of government recently articulated in the President’s State of the Nation address to parliament. ENDS MEDIA CONTACT: Rosa-Mari Le Roux, [email protected], 060 995 6277, www.atthatpoint.co.za For more information on Sentinel Homes please visit: Website: www.sentinelhomes.co.za  It's not easy to get a mortgage on your dream home if you're not employed full time and earning a fixed salary. Freelancers, those working on commission or sourcing their income from gigs, and many other independent earners, often find themselves facing a brick wall when applying for a home loan from banks.
However, more people than ever are becoming self-employed in these fields and are seeking easier alternatives to a traditional mortgage bond. This is according to Renier Kriek, Managing Director at Sentinel Homes, which specialises in financing home ownership through instalment sale agreements. How does it work? "Instalment sale agreements are steadily becoming popular not just among those that do not qualify for a bond but also many who do not fit the salaried mould for which the mortgage model was specifically developed," says Kriek. An instalment sale makes acquiring a home similar to buying a vehicle on hire purchase. In Sentinel's case, the company finances the purchase and the buyer repays the value of the property in monthly instalments. Although the company holds the title deed, the buyer enjoys all the rights and responsibilities of ownership during the period of the contract. Once the purchase price is repaid in full, total ownership is transferred to the buyer. "On the surface, there is little difference between buying with a bond or via an instalment sale," says Kriek. “The only practical difference is the procedure followed when the buyers do not pay their instalment, but even in that case, an instalment sale is to their advantage.” However, an instalment sale agreement offers several advantages to this class of homeowner. Improved affordability Because a freelancer or a self-employed person’s income may vary from month to month, the bank will only consider a portion of their earnings. So, even if they qualify for a home loan, they will likely have to settle for a cheaper property or fund any shortfall on the purchase price themselves. Through an instalment sale, up to 100% of their income is assessed. “This gives the purchaser more freedom to choose a property they really want,” says Kriek. Improved credit score An instalment sale allows a buyer to acquire a valuable asset sooner and improve their credit score in the process. As the property’s value increases and their financial position grows over time, they may become a more attractive borrower. And they do not risk being caught in a rent trap while the values of homes continue to increase. "Many of our clients have been granted bonds on the basis of their instalment payment history and were able to settle our instalment agreement early from bond refinance," says Kriek. “You can never get on the property ladder soon enough.” Lower default risk When a borrower defaults on their mortgage, they face losing their property through a sheriff’s auction, having adverse judgements against them, and being blacklisted for 5 years or more. This impedes their ability to acquire another property and obtain any credit, and may even limit employment opportunities. However, with an instalment sale agreement, they have more options, including negotiating their position and, ultimately, selling the property to pay off their debt. "Even then, they retain a clean record and we have assisted clients that eventually recovered from such a position to buy another property," says Kriek. Protected by law As with a mortgage, the contract is governed by the very comprehensive National Credit Act. Another law, the Alienation of Land Act, also applies, ensuring the rights of the parties to the agreement are fully protected. Instalment sales are also registered against the title deed of the property. A growing market As more people start to freelance or work in other independent fields with irregular income, owning a home through an instalment sale agreement promises a logical alternative to mortgage bonds. "It is apparent that an instalment sale agreement offers better advantages, more protection and greater flexibility to those who dream of owning a home without sacrificing their financial independence," says Kriek. “The offering is available via mainstream intermediaries, so be sure to ask your bond originator or estate agent about this currently lesser-known financing option.” ENDS MEDIA CONTACT: Rosa-Mari Le Roux, [email protected], 060 995 6277, www.atthatpoint.co.za For more information on Sentinel Homes please visit: Website: www.sentinelhomes.co.za Facebook: Sentinel Homes  Human Settlements Minister Mmamoloko Kubayi recently came under fire for her comments on “discriminatory practices” in the banking sector’s home loan application process.
“There’s a massive housing backlog in South Africa and yet the officials tasked with solving the problem are too busy race-baiting to do much about it,” says Renier Kriek, Managing Director of Sentinel Homes. Much has been reported on how the Minister’s statistics, presented at the briefing, do not match her conclusions. The Minister’s plan to change the law, forcing banks to explain why they rejected a loan to any previously disadvantaged person, sidesteps the real issues in both housing supply and demand, and therefore any meaningful solution. Credit providers are profit-driven, not racially motivated Banks are profit-seeking enterprises that make money from awarding credit, not denying it. Because home loans are a major source of their income, it makes sense that they are incentivised to grant as many as possible. “It is not only implausible, but also downright ridiculous to believe that there is some racially motivated cabal operating from back rooms at banks and credit providers for ends that are inimical to the profit-seeking motive of those businesses,” says Kriek. Since every application is a potential source of revenue, no credit provider will turn someone away who has a good credit record and disposable income, regardless of their race, gender or disability. “Apartheid placed ideology before profit but in our democratic economy, any enterprise that turns down good money over prejudice will soon go out of business or be exposed by whistleblowers from inside,” says Kriek. The National Credit Act compels banks to reject risky applications The only reasons for banks to reject a home loan application are because it would be bad for business or they are compelled to do so by the National Credit Act or other regulations. The NCA clearly prohibits awarding credit to an applicant who does not have the financial means to repay it, is already over indebted, or would become over indebted because of the loan. It also already compels banks to furnish the dominant reason for the rejection to an applicant who requests it. The Minister’s proposal for disclosure introduces nothing new and given her team’s apparent statistical illiteracy has little chance of making any impact. Banks that recklessly award credit put themselves at risk because the loan contract could easily be overturned by a court. Changing the Act will only sow confusion and accomplish nothing except add to an already immense regulatory burden. But, it might also expose the government’s lack of initiative in solving the affordable housing backlog in any realistic way. “Does the government plan to levy penalties on banks who reject loan applications in compliance with the law or common business sense?” asks Kriek. “Because any such penalties or additional compliance costs will become part of the cost of doing business, passed on to customers, and exacerbate the affordability problem.” Real solutions Real steps toward clearing SA’s apparent housing backlog are multifaceted, but require politically expensive interventions on both the supply and demand side of the market. On the supply side, the government has been relatively successful with the RDP programme, which has housed millions of South Africans since its inception. However, the so-called gap housing market, which comprises the 30% or so of households who do not qualify for an RDP house and are also not wealthy enough to be meaningful participants in the open market, is being left behind. Many of these households in the gap market segment continue to live in shacks or other informal arrangements despite being middle income households and have little future likelihood of entering the formal market. Home loans to these households makeup no more than 10% of home loans granted, but should in fact be at around 50% if the market were functioning efficiently. Foreclosure and legislation According to Kriek, the most impactful solution to the housing crisis would be to remove the constraints placed on the holders of private capital in the residential property market, especially in terms of foreclosure and eviction. As President Ramaphosa has rightly put it, the private sector has money that can be deployed to meet the demands of our country and should therefore be enlisted through proper incentives. After World War 2, he explains by way of example, Northern Europe faced a severe housing shortage because of infrastructure destruction, which was solved in most of those countries by relaxing consumer safeguards. Because it was easy for banks and developers to protect their interests, and cheap to take a chance on some otherwise doubtful consumers, they invested heavily in the provision of housing. This quickly rehoused the population. And once the population was housed, the governments gradually started reintroducing consumer safeguards. In South Africa, even though housing remains a problem, foreclosure restrictions and courts that unduly and unnecessarily favour defaulting homeowners or tenants deter banks, developers and landlords from making substantial investments in housing. This limits supply, as can be seen from market statistics. “We need to urgently review our current foreclosure and eviction legislation and procedures because, in the long run, it would unleash massive investment into the property market, resulting in a jobs boom in the construction industry, and ample housing for all,” says Kriek. “With a Government of National Unity touting that the private sector is key to the project of regeneration and economic growth, ministers should leave the race-baiting to the populists and work with the private sector interests to make a non-racial South Africa that works for its inhabitants a reality at last,” he concludes. “There is more than enough money available in the world, it is simply a question of harnessing it properly.” ENDS MEDIA CONTACT: Stephné du Toit,[email protected], 084587 9933, www.atthatpoint.co.za For more information on Sentinel Homes please visit: Website: www.sentinelhomes.co.za Facebook: Sentinel Homes |
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